Policy and Legislation

On July 9, 2026, the Court of Justice of the European Union (“CJEU” or “Court”) delivered its judgment in Sky Österreich Fernsehen (C-234/25), deciding that a streaming offering constitutes a digital service under the Consumer Rights Directive (Directive 2011/83/EU), rather than digital content, where the trader’s offering is of a dynamic nature and goes beyond the stable or continuous provision of specific content. As a result, providers of such streaming offerings cannot rely on the Consumer Rights Directive’s exception to the right of withdrawal for digital content.

The judgment has broad implications for providers of personalised digital services, as it affects whether consumers can cancel a subscription during the 14-day withdrawal period and, if they do, how much providers may charge for use of the service during that period.

Continue Reading CJEU Clarifies the Conditions for Seizure of Business Emails During Competition Inspections

On May 6, 2026, Brazil’s House of Deputies approved the text of the Critical and Strategic Minerals Bill. The bill establishes a new legal framework for critical and strategic minerals production with a focus on national security, local manufacturing, and sustainability. The bill was approved with wide political support and…

Continue Reading Brazil’s House Approves New Critical and Strategic Minerals Legal Framework

On April 30, 2026, the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee unanimously advanced S. 3062, the Guidelines for User Age-verification and Responsible Dialogue Act of 2025 (the “GUARD Act”), marking a significant development in federal efforts to regulate certain uses of artificial intelligence (AI) involving minors. The bill now awaits consideration by the full Senate.

Senators Hawley (R-MO) and Blumenthal (D-CT) introduced the legislation in October 2025, and a bipartisan group of seventeen senators are cosponsors. The legislation focuses on regulating AI chatbots that are publicly available to consumers, with particular attention to the risks associated with use by minors under the age of eighteen.

Continue Reading Senate Judiciary Committee Advances GUARD Act Regulating Minor Use of AI

This update highlights key legislative and regulatory developments in the first quarter of 2026 related to artificial intelligence (“AI”), connected and automated vehicles (“CAVs”), and Internet of Things (“IoT”).

I. Federal AI Legislative Developments

In the first quarter, members of Congress introduced several AI bills related to nonconsensual images, chatbots…

Continue Reading U.S. Tech Legislative & Regulatory Update – First Quarter 2026

On March 17, Colorado Governor Jared Polis released a draft bill that would substantially overhaul the Colorado AI Act, replacing its core requirements with a narrower regime focused on disclosure, recordkeeping, and consumer notice requirements for “automated decision-making technology” (“ADMT”).  The proposal, which is still in draft form and…

Continue Reading Colorado Officials Push to Repeal and Replace the Colorado AI Act

As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies continue to advance and states increasingly pass legislation to regulate AI development and use, Congress and the White House are proposing comprehensive nationwide laws.

New proposals from the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) and Senator Marsha Blackburn (R-TN) offer comprehensive approaches…

Continue Reading White House, Blackburn Introduce Visions of Comprehensive Federal AI Policy

On February 20, the U.S. Supreme Court released its decision in Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump, the case challenging the legality of the Trump Administration’s tariffs imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (“IEEPA”). By a 6-3 majority, the Court held that IEEPA does not authorize the President…

Continue Reading IEEPA Tariffs Terminated, Replacement Section 122 Tariffs Take Effect

Introduction

Critical minerals have received a surge of attention recently, much of it tied to China’s dominance of extraction and processing and recent application of export controls on minerals with defense applications.  Policy discussions tend to focus on “critical minerals” collectively, but it is important to distinguish those needed for agriculture and transportation from those needed for national security.  Every mineral deemed essential for U.S. national security, economic security, and supply chain resilience and included on the official list of critical minerals maintained by U.S. Geological Survey list is important for its own reasons, but there are a few elements whose looming shortage now borders on an emergency, requiring extra focus from policymakers.  Certain “heavy” rare earth elements are among them.

Continue Reading Heavy Rare Earth Elements: Rising Supply Chain Risks and Emerging Policy Responses

On January 20, 2026, the European Data Protection Board (“EDPB”) and the European Data Protection Supervisor (“EDPS”) (together, the “Authorities”) adopted Joint Opinion 1/2026 on the European Commission’s proposal to amend the EU AI Act (hereafter the “Proposal”, summarized in our previous blog). Overall, the Authorities acknowledge the complexity of the AI Act and agree that targeted simplifications can support legal certainty and efficient administration. However, they warn that simplification should not result in lowering the protection of fundamental rights, including data protection rights. This blog outlines some of the Authorities’ main recommendations as expressed in their Joint Opinion.

Continue Reading European Data Protection Authorities Issue Joint Opinion on the Digital Omnibus on AI

On December 19, New York Governor Kathy Hochul (D) signed the Responsible AI Safety & Education (“RAISE”) Act into law, making New York the second state in the nation to codify public safety disclosure and reporting requirements for developers of frontier AI models.  Prior to signing, Governor Hochul secured several…

Continue Reading New York Governor Signs Frontier AI Safety Legislation